It is the action of the gears that breaks down the additives in mineral oils that hold the multigrade viscosity quicker. One advantage in the synthetics is they dont need so much of these additives, so the viscosity holds its spec for longer in bike engines/gearboxes.
When car engines started to use catalitic converters for emisions, they had to change the metalic anti-friction package in oils, as this "SG" spec oil contaminated the cats.
This SG spec was used in both bikes and cars up to that point, and this "old" oil spec is still seen as the best anti-friction spec for bikes.
When i bored my GS750E to 850, i used the "diesel" oil refered to during the running in period. Semi-synth and especialy fully-synth oils can cause running in problems in new bores because of some of the additives. The so called diesel oil is 15-40 turbo-diesel rated (CD) oil, that has an anti-friction package close to the old SG oil spec (diesels dont have catalictic converters).
After a 1000 miles i changed to a semi-synth 10-40 just so i could be more confident in extending my oil changes a bit when i go touring in the summer.
I think for our purposes it would be interesting it someone did viscosity change tests on our old air cooled bikes, with the "diesel" type oil and semi and full synth oils, so we got a better idea of the need to change milages.
Footy.
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